Benefits & paperwork

What you are entitled to, and how to claim it

A glioblastoma diagnosis brings, on top of the blow itself, a maze of paperwork. This guide sets out what you can apply for, where and in what order, and it flags something crucial: almost everything has a fast-track route when there is a serious illness.

Time matters here too. Many procedures allow priority or fast-track handling on the grounds of serious illness. Always request it in writing and keep a copy of everything: reports, applications and registration dates.

Open each procedure. Your notes are saved on this device and you can print them.
! Start now. Don’t wait First step

As soon as you have the diagnosis and the report, get the applications moving. You don’t need anything else to start: the doctor’s report is the basis for every procedure. The sooner you begin, the sooner the support arrives.

Start with the hospital social work team and then continue with the services in your town: they coordinate with each other. Your points of contact are your hospital, your local health centre and your town council.

1
Your GP

Explain the situation: they are the one who sets the reports and the sick leave in motion, and your link to the rest of the system.

2
Hospital social worker

Get this going from inside the hospital itself. These are usually very well-prepared teams and a great help from the very first moment.

3
Your town council’s social services

Your municipal social care contact. Don’t skip them: they process long-term care claims and local support.

4
Your local health centre

The centre where your GP sees you also has a social work team. All three teams coordinate with one another.

01 Long-Term Care Act Act 39/2006

Act 39/2006 recognises the right to be cared for when help is needed with the basic activities of daily living. It provides for an emergency procedure in serious situations.

Levels

Level I (moderate dependency), II (severe) and III (major dependency). Advanced glioblastoma usually falls in level II at minimum.

Entitlements

Home help, telecare, day centre, residential care and the cash benefit for care within the family home.

Fast-track route

The Act provides for immediate attention in situations of social or medical urgency. Request it explicitly.

Where

Social services of your autonomous community. Recognition entitles you to an Individual Care Programme (PIA).

If you are a carer with no income, you can pay into Social Security at no cost to you.

When you are named as a non-professional carer in the PIA (with the cash benefit for care within the family home), you can sign a special agreement with Social Security. If you choose the minimum contribution base, the State pays the full contribution: it costs you nothing. Those years of caring are added to your employment record and count towards your future pension and permanent incapacity. No prior contributions are required.

How it is arranged:

  • First, the cash benefit for care within the family home must be granted and you must appear as the carer in the PIA.
  • Apply to register with the General Treasury of the Social Security (TGSS): in person by appointment, or through the electronic office with a digital certificate (the “Special Agreement Registration” service).
  • Form TA.0040 (registration in the special agreement for non-professional carers) + the decision granting the long-term care benefit + ID of the carer and of the dependent person.
  • Deadline: you have 90 days from the granting of the benefit for the agreement to take effect from that date; later than that, it counts from the day you sign it.
02 Incapacity for work INSS

Two different things: temporary sick leave while treatment lasts, and permanent incapacity when the after-effects make it impossible to keep working. In glioblastoma, absolute incapacity for any kind of work is frequently recognised.

Temporary incapacity (IT)
Sick leave while treatment lasts. Managed by your primary care doctor and the INSS.
Permanent incapacity (IP)
Applied for at the INSS once the after-effects are stable. Degrees: partial · total · absolute · major disability. In glioblastoma, absolute incapacity or major disability is commonly recognised because of the neurological after-effects.
Where
National Social Security Institute (INSS). The medical board (EVI) issues the assessment. Provide every report from neurology, oncology and rehabilitation.
It is worth consulting an employment lawyer.

On incapacity matters, a first consultation usually has a low cost and the outcome can be very significant. It is worth assessing with a professional: if you are working, how much income you will have while on sick leave and what your financial situation will be afterwards, depending on the degree recognised.

03 Recognised degree of disability ≥ 33 %

Recognition of a degree of 33 % or higher is the key that unlocks most social and tax benefits. It is worth applying early.

What is it?

An official assessment of the illness’s impact on your daily life, expressed as a percentage. The 33 % threshold gives access to protected employment, tax benefits, transport and more.

Who assesses it?

The assessment centres (formerly EVO) of your autonomous community, under social services.

Fast-track route

Several communities provide for priority handling in cases of serious cancer. The current national scale (Royal Decree 888/2022) recognises situations of particular severity.

How to apply

Application to the social services of your autonomous community, with the medical reports. Include the neuro-oncology report and the treatment records.

04 Cash benefits Social Security

Depending on your family and employment situation, different forms of financial support may apply.

Care of children with cancer (CUME)

If the person who is ill is a child, there is a Social Security benefit covering the parents’ reduction of working hours to care for them.

Allowances and supplements

Depending on your employment and contribution record, unemployment allowances, minimum-income supplements or regional support may apply. Check your specific case with the INSS or social services.

05 Knock-on benefits With 33 %

Once the degree of disability is recognised, several practical advantages are unlocked.

Parking card

Reduced-mobility parking card, valid across the EU.

Tax benefits

Income tax reductions and VAT advantages on adapted products and vehicles.

Transport and co-payment

Transport discounts and, in some cases, reductions in pharmaceutical co-payment.

06 Key documents Worth having early

Glioblastoma can affect the capacity to make decisions. Putting your wishes in writing, while you can, is an act of care towards yourself and towards your family.

Advance directives / living will

Recognised by Act 41/2002. They let you state which treatments you do or do not want to receive if a time comes when you cannot express it. They are registered with the health authority of your autonomous community.

Support measures for legal capacity

Following Act 8/2021, there are support arrangements (such as a lasting power of attorney) so that someone you trust can help you decide, respecting your will and preferences.

Every autonomous community has its own nuances. The deadlines, scales and forms for long-term care and disability vary from one community to another. Take this guide as a general map and confirm the details with the social services of your own region.

General information. This page is not legal advice. For specific cases, consult social services, your hospital’s social worker or a legal professional.

What this rests on

Legal framework

Last reviewed: June 2026. Rules may be updated; always check the version currently in force.

Where to actually start

Two doors, and you can knock on both:

The hospital social worker

Ask for them at your treating centre. They know the fast-track routes for serious illness and can start the paperwork with you.

Social services at your town hall

They handle the Dependency Act and local support. Ask for an appointment with the social worker for your area.

I don't know where to start